Low Cost Receivers at War Time (1938-1945)
Until 1945, Almost Japanese radio sets were 3 or 4 tubes regenerative (no
RF stage) set.
Circuit diagram is regenerative detector, 2 stage AF amp. by triode or
single stage AF amp. by small pentode and half wave rectifier.
To reduce material, classic transformer coulpled circuit was changed into
register coupled circuit.
These sets equipped magnetic speaker. After 1941, the frame of speaker
was changed from metal to pressed paper.
Power transformer and chassis were down-sized.
We will introduce Japanese domestic low cost set at war time except "Housoukyoku-gata" radio.
TRF (with single RF stage) set is introduced in "Middle Class Receivers at War Time"
NOTICE:
Gothic is latest updates.
When not mentioned specially, all prices are original retail price.
Japanese terms or company names that is untranslatable are shown in
Italics..
First-Class Products(*)
Kumiai-gata No.5 (4 tubes) Tiger Electric Co., Ltd. 1938
Concertone Model CS-4 (4 tubes) Tiger Electric Co., Ltd. 1938
Sharp Model K-10 (4 tubes) Hayakawa Metal Works 1939
Sharp Tokusen 4 tubes (4 tubes) Hayakawa Metal Works 1939？
Sharp Shin-Kokusaku No.2 (4 tubes) Hayakawa Metal Works 1939
Sharp hukyu No.10 (4 tubes) Hayakawa Metal Works 1939？
Sharp hyoujyun No.10 (4 tubes) Hayakawa Electric Industry Co., Ltd. 1943 Official
Price JPY 51.80
National Tokusen Receiver (4 tubes) Matsushita Radio MFG. Co., Ltd. 1939
National Model KS-1 (4 tubes) Matsushita Radio MFG. Co., Ltd. 1939
National Tokusen Receiver (4 tubes) Matsushita Radio MFG. Co., Ltd. 1940？
National Model SB-25 (4 tubes) Matsushita Radio MFG. Co., Ltd. 1940
National Model 4D-1 (4 tubes Dynamic) Matsushita Radio MFG. Co., Ltd. 1940
National Model NA-4 (4 tubes) Matsushita Radio MFG. Co., Ltd. 1940
National Tokusen 4 tubes (4 tubes) Matsushita Radio MFG. Co., Ltd. 1941
National R4-M (4 tubes) Matsushita Radio MFG. Co., Ltd. 1944？
Toshiba Radio Model 41 Transformer less (3 tubes) Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co., Ltd. 1940-41 (Link to other file)
Toshiba Radio Model 51 Transformer less TRF (4 tubes) Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co., Ltd. 1940-41 (Link to other file)
Caravan Model M-400 (4 tubes) Haraguchi Radio Co., Ltd. 1939
Caravan Model unknown (4 tubes) Haraguchi Radio Co., Ltd. 1940？
Caravan Model R-800 (4 tubes) Haraguchi Radio Co., Ltd. 1940
Aria Model unknown (4 tubes) Mitaka Denki K.K. 1940？
OHDA "Houkoku" Model A-1 (4 tubes) Hakusan Musen Denki K.K. 1941-42 JPY 36.60
Columbia Model CR-140 (3 tubes) Nippon Chikuonki Shokai K.K. 1940
Crown Kokusaku No.1 (4 tubes) The Nihon Seiki Co.,Ltd. 1939
Crown Model K-30 (4 tubes) The Nihon Seiki Co.,Ltd. 1940？
Futaba Model unknown (4 tubes) Futaba Electric Co., Ltd. 1941
Futaba Model unknown (4 tubes) Futaba Electric Co., Ltd. 1941？
HAPPY Model A-75 (4 tubes) Shimura Musen Kougyousho 1941
Bion Model 4M-1 (4 tubes) Takizawa Musen K.K. 1941 Official Price
JPY 33.00
Hermes Model Z-2 (4 tubes) The Osaka Musen Co., Ltd. 1939
Hermes Model S-5 (4 tubes) The Osaka Musen Co., Ltd. 1942-43 Official
Price JPY 36.60
Hermes Model M-5 (4 tubes) The Osaka Musen Co., Ltd. 1944
Second-Class Products(*)
Daring Model unknown (4 tubes) Daito Musen Denki Seisakusho 1941？
WONDER Model unknown (4 tubes) Shirae Radio Works 1941？
(*)First-class was the products manufactured by approved large scale factory.
Other manufacturers produced second-class products.
First-Class Products
Kumiai-gata No.5 (4 tubes) Tiger Electric Co., Ltd. 1938 JPY 27.00
TUBES: 57-26B-12A-12F Magnetic speaker
This set was similar model of Concertone Model CS-4.
In the end of 1938, Osaka Radio Retailer Union planned new year sale.
1,000 set was supplied by special order.
This explanation was based on the article written by Mr. Shigeyuki Narasaki
on the paper "All Denki".
1940's paper framed speaker was unoriginal.
(Collection No.11478)
Concertone Model CS-4 (4 tubes) Tiger Electric Co., Ltd. 1938
TUBES: 57-26B-12A-12F Magnetic speaker
This was typical model of prevailed 4 tubes regenerative set.
At Late 1930's design of radio was simplified.
(Collection No.11256)
Sharp Model K-10 (4 tubes) Hayakawa Metal Works 1939
TUBES: 57-26B-12A-12F Magnetic speaker
This was typical model of prevailed war-time civilian receiver.
Power transformer was down sized and installed inside of chassis.
The tap of antenna coil could be selected by the selector switch on the front panel.
Appeard on the magazine "Musen to Jikken"(The Radio Experimenter's Magagine) 09/1939 published by Seibundo-Shinkosha
(Collection No.11428)
Sharp Tokusen 4 tubes (4 tubes) Hayakawa Metal Works 1939？
TUBES: 57-26B-12A-12F Magnetic speaker
This was typical model of prevailed war-time civilian receiver.
Power transformer was down sized and installed inside of chassis.
The tap of antenna coil could be selected by the selector switch on thee front panel.
Japanese term "Tokusen" means "Special Selection". This set was supplied for for
monthly installment plan.
26B tube and speaker was missing. We installed replica knobs made from
Shin-Kokusaku No.2 set.
(Collection No.11799)
Sharp Shin-kokusaku No.2 (4 tubes) Hayakawa Metal Works 1939
TUBES: 57-56-12A-12F Magnetic speaker
This was Hayakawa's typical model of standardized 4 tubes regenerative
receiver.
Power transformer was down sized and installed inside of chassis.
Japanese term "Kokusaku" means "National Policy". "Shin" means "New".
This was revised model of "Kokusaku" No.2.
The tap of antenna coil could be selected by the selector switch on thee front panel.
Control shaft was not solid. To reduce material, shaft was made by pressed
pipe.
Speaker was replaced.
(Collection No.11377)
Sharp "Hukyu" No.10 (4 tubes) Hayakawa Metal Works 1940？
TUBES: 57-56-12A-12F Magnetic speaker (paper frame)
This was Hayakawa's typical model of standardized 4 tubes regenerative
receiver.
Japanese term "Hukyu" means "Prevailing". This set was supplied for monthly
installment plan.
This model was equal to National "Tokusen" set. THis model was supplied from Matsushita as OEM.
(Collection No.11528)
Sharp Hyoujyun No.10 (4 tubes) Hayakawa Electric Industry Co., Ltd 1943 official price JPY 51.80
TUBES: 57-56-12A-12F Magnetic speaker (paper frame)
This set was one of the latest model at war time.
Japanese team “Hyojyun” means “Standard”.
To reduce materials, The frame of speaker made by paper, chassis was simplified.
Speaker grill was missing.
(Collection No.11017)
Hermes Model Z-2 (4 tubes) The Osaka Musen Co., Ltd. 1939
TUBES: 57-26B-12A-12F Magnetic speaker
Osaka Musen was known as the manufacturer of high quality radio.
This was typical model of prevailed 4 tubes regenerative receiver.
This set continued work until 1950’s.
Tubes, capacitors, coils were replaced several times.
(Collection No.11438)
National Tokusen Receiver (4 tubes) Matsushita Radio MFG. Co., Ltd. 1939
TUBES: 57-26B-12A-12F Magnetic speaker
24B-26B-12A-12F の並四受信機。大型のシャーシにチョークコイルを使用している点など、まだ資材節約が徹底されていない。
まだ金属フレームのマグネチックが使われている。国策型受信機になる直前のセットである。
(Collection No.11389)
National Model KS-1 (4 tubes) Matsushita Radio MFG. Co., Ltd. 1939
Fuse holder was placed inside of name plate
TUBES: 57-26B-12A-12F 6" Magnetic speaker
「国策」の名前をつけた初期のセット。普通より小さい6インチのマグネチックを駆動する。
チョークコイルと、低周波トランスをすべて抵抗に置き換えた、資材節約型の回路を実現した初期のもの。
抵抗結合にすることでシャーシを小型にすることができた。
これを表現するためにこのセットは普通の並四球受信機より一回り小さいキャビネットに小型のシャーシを収めている。
これが、いわゆる「国策型受信機」の最初のものと思われる。
このデザインとダイヤル機構は評判になり、模倣品が出回ったらしい。裏蓋には意匠登録出願中のラベルが貼ってある。
1940 以降、部品の標準化により、8インチのマグネチックに合わせたキャビネットにサイズが統一されたため、このような特別小型化したセットは作られなくなった。
(Collection No.11777)
National Tokusen Receiver Matsushita Radio MFG. Co., Ltd. 1940？
TUBES: 57-56-12A-12F Magnetic speaker (National, paper framed)
This was one of the latest models in WW II era.
To reduce metal, Chassis was made by Phenol resin based plastic board.
Socket pin for tubes was fixed chassis board directly.
The construction was similar to German model DKE1938.
Early paper framed speaker similar to DKE1938 was used.
Knobs were missing. We installed replica.
(Collection No.11772)
National Model SB-25 (4 tubes) Matsushita Radio MFG. Co., Ltd. 1940
TUBES: 57-26B-12A-12F Magnetic speaker (paper frame)
This was Matsushita’s 4 tubes receiver.
26B was old fashioned AC tube. This tube was not recommended in early 1940’s.
But 26B was very cheap. Many manufacturers used 26B to low cost model.
全面的な抵抗結合の採用、小型のトランス、紙フレームのスピーカ、簡素なデザインなど、国策型受信機の特徴が良く出ている。
(Collection No.11567)
National Model 4D-1 (4 tubes with Dynamic Speaker) Matsushita Radio MFG. Co., Ltd. 1940
TUBES: 57-56-47B-12F 5" Electro dynamic speaker
This was middle class regenerative set that equipped small dynamic speaker.
Ordinary 4 tubes regenerative set used magnetic speaker.
Matsushita advertised this set “National Tone”.
This mode was supplied for listener in city area that interested in tone quality.
(Collection No.11646)
National Model NA-4 (4 tubes) Matsushita Radio MFG. Co., Ltd. 1940
TUBES: 57-26B-12A-12F Magnetic speaker (paper frame)
This was Matsushita’s 4 tubes receiver.
26B was old fashioned AC tube. This tube was not recommended in early 1940’s.
But 26B was very cheap. Many manufacturers used 26B to low cost model.
This example kept original condtion.
(Collection No.11310)
National "Tokusen" (4 tubes) Matsushita Radio MFG. Co., Ltd. 1941
TUBES: 57-56-12A-12F Magnetic speaker (National Model PM-200E, Approved
No.21108, 1941, paper framed)
This was Matsushita's typical model of standardized 4 tubes regenerative
receiver..
Japanese term "Tokusen" means "Special Selection". This set was supplied for monthly
installment plan.
Sharp Hukyu No.10 was supplied to Hayakawa as OEM.
Knob is un-original. Cabinet was warm eaten.
(Collection No.11636)
National Model R4-M (4 tubes) Matsushita Radio MFG. Co., Ltd. 1944？
TUBES: 57-56-12A-12F Magnetic speaker (paper frame)
This was one of the latest models in WW II era.
To reduce metal, Chassis was made by Phenol resin based plastic board.
Socket pin for tubes was fixed chassis board directly.
The construction was similar to German model DKE1938.
This set was repared recently.
(Collection No.11744)
Caravan Model M-400 (4 tubes) Haraguchi Radio Co., Ltd. 1939
TUBES: 57-26B-12A-12F Magnetic speaker
中堅メーカ、原口無線電機の並四受信機。
初期の国策型受信機で、キャビネットを小型にするため57を沈めて取り付け、スピーカと干渉するためトランスをシャーシ側面に取り付けている。
この種の受信機としては珍しくピックアップ端子がある。シャーシ背面には多色刷りの説明が印刷され、使いやすさに配慮されている。
このセットはアンテナコイル2次側から「マジックコード」と称する4mの電線が引き出されていて、この電線を延ばせば、外部にアンテナ、アースを接続しなくても受信できるようになってる。
また、アンテナコイルは昔ながらのスパイダーコイルがシャーシ下に取り付けられ、シャーシの小型化に貢献している。
Appeard on the magazine "Musen to Jikken"(The Radio Experimenter's Magagine) 10/1939 published by Seibundo-Shinkosha
(From Personal Collection)
Caravan Model unknown (4 tubes) Haraguchi Radio Co., Ltd. 1940？
TUBES: 57-26B-12A-12F Magnetic speaker (paper frame)
中堅メーカ、原口無線電機の並四受信機。
再生、同調ともマイカで絶縁したシールド型のバリコンを使用している。
また、アンテナコイルは昔ながらのスパイダーコイルがシャーシ下に取り付けられ、シャーシの小型化に貢献している。
本機は、57の代わりに58が使われている。
裏蓋が失われているため、Model unknownである。
(Collection No.11195)
Caravan Model R-800 (4 tubes) Haraguchi Radio Co., Ltd. 1940
TUBES: 57-56-12A-12F Magnetic speaker (paper frame)
上のキャラバン受信機と共通のシャーシを持つキャラバンの並四受信機。
57-56-12A-12Fの4 tubes受信機。シャーシを小型化し、キャビネットを薄型にしている。
国策型受信機の典型的なもの。
本機はダイヤル右側の装飾が欠落している。
(Collection No.11449)
Aria Model unknown (4 tubes) Mitaka Denki K.K. 1940？
TUBES: 57-26B-12A-12F Magnetic speaker
戦前期の大手メーカー、ミタカ電機の並四受信機。57-26B-12A-12F の構成で金属フレームのマグネチックを駆動する。
キャビネットは直線的だがダイヤルは曲線的なデザインのまま。
Name plate was missing. Model unknown.
(Collection No.11390)
OHDA "Houkoku" Model A-1 Hakusan Musen Denki K.K. 1941-42 JPY 36.60
TUBES: 57-56-12A-12F Magnetic speaker (paper frame)
電池式受信機で知られる白山無線電機の並四球受信機。放送局型11号に似たデザイン。
ラジオ用品委員会で共通化された部品が使われて資材が節約されているが、低周波の段間には抵抗結合ではなく、トランスが使われている。
(Collection No.11567)
Columbia Model CR-140 Nippon CHikuonki Shokai K.K. 1940
TUBES: 57-47B-12F 5" Electro dynamic speaker
57-47B-12Fの3ペンでありながら小型ダイナミックスピーカを搭載する異色の受信機。
3球受信機としては大型で、高級機メーカーとしてのこだわりが感じられる。
感度が低いため、高音質を求める都会の顧客向けであろう。
高級感を演出する横行ダイヤルは減速機構がなく、実用的にはまったく意味がない。
従来アルミであった銘板は紙製になっている。
(Collection No.11551)
Crown Kokusaku No.1 (4 tubes) The Nihon Seiki Co.,Ltd. 1939
TUBES: 57-26B-12A-12F Magnetic speaker
放送局型受信機の開発で知られる日本精器の並四球受信機。
セルロイドを使用した薄型のバリコンを使い、シャーシを小型にまとめている。
国策型といってもデザインはスマートな個性的なもので、まだ余裕がうかがえる。
Appeard on the magazine "Musen to Jikken"(The Radio Experimenter's Magagine) 10/1939 published by Seibundo-Shinkosha
(Collection No.11543)
Crown Model K-30 (4 tubes) The Nihon Seiki Co.,Ltd. 1940？
TUBES: 57-56-12A-12F Magnetic speaker
放送局型受信機の開発で知られる日本精器の並四球受信機。
局型123号とデザインのモチーフが似ている。スピーカーはまだ鉄製フレームである。
57-56-12A-12Fの規格品のため公定価格のステッカが貼ってある。
(Collection No.11543)
Futaba Model unknown (4 tubes) Futaba Electric Co., Ltd. 1941
TUBES: 57-56-12A-12F Magnetic speaker (paper frame)
大阪の中堅メーカー、二葉電機の並四級受信機。
シンプルなキャビネットに紙フレームのマグネチック(放21096,オリオン58号,1940..3.31認定)を使う国策型受信機の典型である。
本機はラベル類が失われているため型番などは不明である。ツマミの名称を示す紙が残っているのが珍しい。
この方式は昭和30 代まで行われた。キャビ内部に追加されたオイルコンデンサは戦後の修理によるもの。
(Collection No.11352)
Futaba Model unknown (4 tubes) Futaba Electric Co., Ltd. 1941？
TUBES: 57-56-12A-12F Magnetic speaker (paper frame)
大阪の中堅メーカー、双葉電機の並四級受信機。同社は1940 に二葉電機から当時の人気力士、双葉山にちなんで社名変更された。
シンプルなキャビネットに紙フレームのマグネチックを使う国策型受信機の典型である。
Name plate was missing. Model unknown.
(Collection No.11394)
HAPPY Model A-75 (4 tubes) Shimura Musen Kougyousho 1941
TUBES: 57-26B-12A-12F Magnetic speaker
東京の中堅メーカ、志村無線の並四球受信機。
この大型円形ダイヤルは松下が使い始めて流行した。
同社はこの頃、放送局型製造事業者の資格を取るべく努力していたが、実現しなかった。
志村無線電機(株)は電子部品商社として存続している。
創業者、志村義雄は1967 から89 まで秋葉原電気街振興会会長を務めた。
本機のダイヤル部のツマミおよびスピーカはオリジナルではないと思われる。
このセットはごく最近修理されている。
(Collection No.11779)
Bion Model 4M-1 (4 tubes) Takizawa Musen K.K 1941 Official Price JPY 33.00
Inspection hole at the bottom of cabinet
Schematic diagram placed on thebottom of cabinet
TUBES: 57-56-12A-12F Magnetic speaker
Bion (Takizawa Musen) was top brand of Japanese portable radio.
This was standard AC set of Bion brand.]
In 1943, Takizawa Musen was marged with Hakusan Musen.
New company name was Teikoku Denpa. Teikoku Denpa changed company name into Clarion and continued their business now.
One of the dial escutcheon was missing. We installed missing tubes.
(Collection No.11387,11687)
Hermes Model S-5 (4 tubes) The Osaka Musen Co., Ltd. 1942-43 Official Price JPY 36.60
TUBES: 57-56-12A-12F Magnetic speaker (Model KDY130 mfr: Osaka Kogyosho, Approved No. 21155, paper frame)
Osaka Musen was known as the manufactuere of high quality radio as "Hermes
Radio".
This was standardized 4 tube set and the latest model of Hermes radio in
WW II era.
Chassis was simplified steel board. Construction was similar to German
set Model DKE1938.
Cabinet was not gorgeous but modernized good design.。
(Collection No.11413)
Hermes Model M-5 (4 tubes) The Osaka Musen Co., Ltd. 1944
TUBES: 57-56-12A-12F Magnetic speaker (paper frame)
The Model M-5 was minor changed model of Model S-5.
Construction was similar to Model S-5.
Design was simplified.
(Collection No.11621)
Second-Class Products
Daring Model unknown (4 tubes) Daito Musen Denki Seisakusho 1941？
TUBES: 57-56-12A-12F Magnetic speaker
This was small manufacturer's standardized 4 tube regenerative set.
First-class was the products manufactured by approved large scale factory.
Other small manufacturers produced second-class products. Lower controled
price was applicable.
Knob and rear cover is missing.
(Collection No.11566)
WONDER Model unknown (4 tubes) Shirae Radio Works 1941？
TUBES: 57-56-12A-12F Magnetic speaker (paper frame)
国策型受信機は大手メーカー製品ばかりではない。このような無名メーカーのセットもたくさんあった。
本機はキャビネットのダイヤル脇部分が破損している。
(Collection No.11433)